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Gabapentin isn’t a narcotic or federally controlled substance, but it is regulated and recognized as a controlled substance in certain states. Gabapentin is approved by the Food and Drug Eight states have made gabapentin a schedule V controlled substance. And 12 other states require stricter reporting on gabapentin prescriptions. If you have a prescription for gabapentin, it’s best to take the lowest dose possible. Gabapentin is not currently listed as a controlled substance under federal law. However, some states classify gabapentin as a Schedule V substance or a drug of concern and mandate reporting to PMP. Furthermore, other states are considering similar actions due to increasing evidence of associated risks. Gabapentin closely resembles pregabalin, a schedule V drug under the Controlled Substances Act in its chemical structure and pharmacological activity. The chemical structure of gabapentin is derived from the addition of a lipophilic cyclohexyl group to the backbone of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Table 2. Dosage Adjustments for Renal Impairment in Adults Receiving Gabapentin Gastroretentive Tablets60; Cl cr (mL/minute). Adjusted Dosage Regimen. 30–60. 600 mg to 1.8 g once daily; initiate at 300 mg once daily and may titrate according to same schedule recommended for those with normal renal function based on individual patient response and tolerability Schedule I drugs, substances, or chemicals are defined as drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. Some examples of Schedule I drugs are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), marijuana (cannabis), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy), methaqualone, and peyote. Whereas PDMP regulation alone provides a form of oversight to monitor gabapentin prescribing, Schedule V regulation for gabapentin has a greater impact on prescribers, pharmacies, and patients. Schedule V drugs are typically defined as those with a low potential for abuse and include drugs with low quantities of opioids. drugs that dispense gabapentin to all outpatients. All wholesalers licensed as a wholesale distributor of dangerous drugs that sell gabapentin at wholesale shall report those drug transactions. All pharmacies licensed as a terminal distributor of dangerous drugs that sell gabapentin at wholesale shall report those drug transactions. Gabapentin’s regulatory status varies by state. Some states classify it as a Schedule V controlled substance due to concerns about misuse and its involvement in the opioid crisis. Others do not schedule it but require mandatory reporting to state prescription drug monitoring programs (PDMPs) to track prescribing and dispensing. Schedule 8 medicines are subject to strict legislative controls due to their high potential for misuse, abuse and dependence. The most commonly used Schedule 8 medicines include analgesics such as opioids (for example, morphine, fentanyl, oxycodone, tapentadol, hydromorphone, methadone and buprenorphine). Gabapentin has been designated as a monitored prescription drug, not a controlled substance. A DEA registration number is not required for a practitioner to prescribe Gabapentin, nor is a DEA registration number required for a dispenser to fill a prescription for Gabapentin. Practical Impact for Many Prescribers and Dispensers of Gabapentin Following concerns about abuse, gabapentin has been reclassified as a Class C controlled substance and is now a Schedule 3 drug, but is exempt from safe custody requirements. Healthcare professionals should evaluate patients carefully for a history of drug abuse before prescribing gabapentin, and observe patients for signs of abuse and dependence. Gabapentin is not a controlled substance under the federal Controlled Substances Act. [125] Effective 1 July 2017, Kentucky classified gabapentin as a schedule V controlled substance statewide. [126] Gabapentin is scheduled V drug in other states such as West Virginia, [127] Tennessee, [128] Alabama, [129] Utah, [130] and Virginia. [131] Find information on Gabapentin (Gralise, Horizant) in Davis’s Drug Guide including dosage, side effects, interactions, nursing implications, mechanism of action, half life, administration, and more. Davis Drug Guide PDF. all Schedule 8 medicines (e.g. opioids, alprazolam, nabiximols, dexamfetamine) all benzodiazepines; codeine; gabapentin; pregabalin; quetiapine; tramadol; zolpidem; zopiclone. Before prescribing a monitored medicine, a relevant practitioner is required to check QScript database (unless an exemption under Schedule 18, Part 1A of the MPMR applies). Taking gabapentin with other drugs that make you drowsy or slow your breathing can cause dangerous side effects or death. Ask your doctor before taking opioid medication, a sleeping pill, a muscle relaxer, or medicine for anxiety or seizures. Tell your doctor about all your current medicines. Many drugs can affect gabapentin, especially: naproxen; Gabapentin (Neurontin) is not a narcotic or federally controlled substance by the DEA as of November 2022, but it is classified as a Schedule V controlled substance in certain states. • Schedule V drugs have an even lower potential for abuse, but may include a limited quantity of narcotics. Examples include some cough medicines (Robitussin AC) and Lyrica. WHAT DRUGS DO PDMPs MONITOR? PDMPs track Schedule II, III and IV drugs in every state, and Schedule V drugs in 33 states and D.C., including Pennsylvania. Gabapentin is not currently listed as a controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970.11 Several state boards of pharmacy, as outlined in Supplemental Table 2 and Figure 1, have independently reclassified gabapentin under state pharmacy rules as a Schedule V drug. Other states have required gabapentin use to be monitored Gabapentin is approved to treat postherpetic neuralgia and epilepsy with partial-onset seizures. The large majority of gabapentin prescribing is off label. Gabapentin may be abused for euphoria, potentiating the high from opiates, reduction of alcohol cravings, a cocaine-like high, as well as sedation or sleep. Individuals at the highest risk for abusing gabapentin include those with opioid
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