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Pregnancy Registry: If you become pregnant while taking gabapentin tablets, talk to your healthcare provider about registering with the North American Antiepileptic Drug (NAAED) Pregnancy Registry. The purpose of this registry is to collect information about the safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. There was an increased risk of preterm birth among women exposed to gabapentin either late (RR=1.28 [CI 1.08-1.52], p < 0.01) or both early and late in pregnancy (RR=1.22 [1.09-1.36], p < 0.001). Does taking gabapentin in pregnancy increase the chance of other pregnancy-related problems? Pregnancy-related problems, such as preterm delivery (birth before week 37) or low birth weight (weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces [2500 grams] at birth) have been reported in some studies looking at the use of gabapentin during pregnancy. Are there any risks of taking gabapentin during pregnancy? Gabapentin use in pregnancy is not very well-studied. While the available information does not strongly suggest that it causes problems for the baby, further research is required to prove that gabapentin is safe. UK guidelines state that women who take any anti-epileptic medication should be prescribed high dose folic acid (5mg), although it is currently not known whether high dose folic acid supplementation offers any additional benefit or protective effects over standard dose regimes when taking gabapentin preconceptually or during pregnancy. In this large population-based study, we did not find evidence for an association between gabapentin exposure during early pregnancy and major malformations overall, although there was some evidence of a higher risk of cardiac malformations. Gabapentin/early and late in pregnancy (at least one dispensing in the first 140 days and at least one in the 141 and 245 days of pregnancy)1275 pregnancies (0.07%) [35] Richards et al., 2018: Gabapentin/during pregnancy: 2009: 0.27 women per 1000 births 2014: 0.97 women per 1000 births [31] Shouman et al., 2022: Gabapentin/during pregnancy There was a higher risk of preterm birth among women exposed to gabapentin either late (RR, 1.28 [1.08-1.52], p < 0.01) or both early and late in pregnancy (RR, 1.22 [1.09-1.36], p < 0.001), SGA If you are taking gabapentin for epilepsy, it is important that this is well treated during pregnancy as seizures can harm both mother and baby. Gabapentin might lower levels of folic acid. Some professional organisations recommend that people taking this type of medication take a higher dose of folic acid, while others do not. In our study, only 28% of the women continued taking gabapentin throughout pregnancy as two-thirds of the women (66%) discontinued in the first trimester, most following pregnancy confirmation between 6 and 8 weeks’ gestation. Studies have not been done to see if gabapentin can increase the chance of miscarriage in human pregnancy. Animal studies reported an increased chance for miscarriage. Does taking gabapentin increase the chance of birth defects? Every pregnancy starts out with a 3-5% chance of having a birth defect. This is called the background risk. With maternal doses up to 2.1 g/day, estimated doses for fully breastfed infants are 0.2 to 1.3 mg/kg/day (equivalent to 1.3 to 3.8% of the maternal weight-adjusted dose). An expert panel has deemed this drug is an acceptable choice for refractory restless leg syndrome during lactation. T1 exposure was defined as pregnancies with at least one filled prescription for gabapentin during the first 90 days of pregnancy (starting from the date of LMP), independently of exposure to gabapentin later in pregnancy. Exposure early in pregnancy was defined as at least one gabapentin dispensing in the first 140 days of pregnancy and no Hernandez-Diaz S, Huybrechts KF, Desai RJ, Cohen JM, Mogun H, Pennell PB, et al. Topiramate use early in pregnancy and the risk of oral clefts: A pregnancy cohort study. Neurology. 2018 Jan 23;90(4):e342–51. It is not known if gabapentin can make it harder to get pregnant. Sexual dysfunction (including loss of desire to have sex and loss of ability to have an orgasm) has been reported among women who take gabapentin. Does taking gabapentin increase the chance of miscarriage? Miscarriage is common and can occur in any pregnancy for many different Pregnancy-related problems, such as preterm delivery (birth before week 37) or low birth weight (weighing less than 5 pounds, 8 ounces [2500 grams] at birth) have been reported in some studies looking at the use of gabapentin during pregnancy. While gabapentin (Neurontin) is now used in a wide variety of clinical settings — for epilepsy, pain management, restless leg syndrome, anxiety, and sleep disturbance – there is relatively little information regarding its reproductive safety. Most recently, a prospective study from researchers at the Motherisk program reports on the outcomes of 223 pregnancies exposed to gabapentin If you're trying to get pregnant or have become pregnant while taking gabapentin, it is recommended to take a high dose of folic acid (5mg a day). You can get this from your doctor or midwife. Ideally you'll take high dose folic acid for 3 months before you start trying to get pregnant and for the first 12 weeks of pregnancy. Pregnant women and their physicians should weigh the benefits of treatment with gabapentin with the risks of potential adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with its use. Gabapentin is a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) analog with GABA agonist activity.
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