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Common Contraindications and Warnings Some human preparations contain xylitol which is highly toxic to dogs and cats. Potential Side Effects Administration Instructions/Handling Storage Speed of Action, Duration of Effect + Monitoring When long-term treatment is no longer needed, treatment should be stopped slowly. Are there any contraindications for Gabapentin use in dogs? Gabapentin should not be used in dogs with a known allergy to the medication or in pregnant or nursing animals, unless deemed necessary by a veterinarian. The human oral solution of gabapentin contains xylitol, which should be avoided in veterinary patients. Do not give your pet human gabapentin. Gabapentin should be used with caution in animals with decreased liver or renal function. Veterinary use of gabapentin has increased dramatically over the past several years, probably as an oral analgesic alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and as a result of the lack of evidence for the analgesic effects of tramadol in some species, particularly dogs (Davila et al. 2013; KuKanich 2013; Donati et al. 2021). One of the most commonly cited uses of gabapentin in veterinary medicine is for treating acute post-operative pain. 5 Considering the mechanism of action of gabapentin and its impact on pain signaling, it is unlikely that gabapentin will be an effective analgesic in this context. Inflammation is the most common component of acute post-operative Veterinarians commonly prescribe gabapentin to treat pain, seizures, and anxiety in dogs. Gabapentin is a human medication, and its use in veterinary medicine is “off-label,” meaning it is not FDA-approved for pets. Sedation is the main potential side effect of gabapentin, and the level of sleepiness varies from patient to patient. Control of pain in small animals with lameness, including those in the postoperative period, involves a broad range of analgesics including NSAIDs and opioids. Analgesic agents may be administered via oral, parenteral (including constant-rate infusions), epidural, local, or transdermal routes. Gabapentin can also be used as an adjunct with other treatments in the management of seizures. 7. How it Works: Gabapentin appears to work by altering electrical activity in the brain and influencing the activity of chemicals called neurotransmitters, which send messages between nerve cells. 8. Side Effects and/or Signs of Overdose: Gabapentin prescribing trends in the UK - Paper. 97% of US gabapentin prescriptions were off label between 2003 and 2016 - Abstract. Prescribing practices for gabapentin as a painkiller among veterinary professionals - Abstract. Gabapentin’s effectiveness as a surgical pain reliever evaporates when compared to a sedative - Abstract Gabapentin should NOT BE USED in pets that are allergic to it. Gabapentin should be USED WITH CAUTION in pets that: have kidney disease; are pregnant and/or lactating ; Do not stop this medication abruptly in pets with epilepsy, as this can cause withdrawal seizures. VETERINARY PRACTICE GUIDELINES 2015 AAHA/AAFP Pain Management Guidelines for Dogs and Cats* Mark Epstein, DVM, DABVP, CVPP (co-chairperson), Ilona Rodan, DVM, DABVP Generic Name Gabapentin DrugBank Accession Number DB00996 Background. Gabapentin is a structural analogue of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid that was first approved for use in the United States in 1993. 16 It was originally developed as a novel anti-epileptic for the treatment of certain types of seizures 14,5 - today it is also widely used to treat neuropathic pain. 8 Common Contraindications and Warnings: Some human preparations contain xylitol which is highly toxic to dogs and cats. Use with caution in cases of advanced kidney or liver disease. indication for use in veterinary medicine, and current prescribing practices warrant further scrutiny. Mechanism of Action . Understanding the mechanism of action of gabapentin is critical when evaluating the role that gabapentin may have as an analgesic for veterinary patients. As mentioned, gabapentin was initially intended to be a Control of pain in small animals with lameness, including those in the postoperative period, involves a broad range of analgesics including NSAIDs and opioids. Analgesic agents may be administered via oral, parenteral (including constant-rate infusions), epidural, local, or transdermal routes. Are there any contraindications to using Gabapentin in dogs? Gabapentin should be used with caution in dogs with kidney disease or liver disease, as it may affect the function of these organs. Your veterinarian will consider your dog 's overall health before prescribing Gabapentin. Neurontin®, but often will just be called gabapentin. What is gabapentin? Gabapentin belongs to a group of medicines that are called anti-epileptics. These drugs act on the brain to prevent epileptic seizures (fits). Some anti-epileptic drugs, such as gabapentin, can also help relieve anxiety, chronic pain and neuropathic pain (pain originating Veterinary studies of the use of this drug are limited. Sudden withdrawal should be avoided. Dose should be decreased gradually over 1 week if discontinuing use when treating seizures. Sedation, CNS depression – start with lower end dose and increase gradually may minimize these effects. Gabapentin is not safe for use in pregnancy but should be safe for use in lactation. Gabapentin should not be abruptly discontinued after long-term use as seizures can be precipitated. Instead, gabapentin should be gradually tapered off over a couple of weeks. Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant drug effective in humans to control neuropathic pain. In veterinary medicine, is extra-label used in combination with other treatments to control seizures when other drugs are not effective, when drugs are toxic, or for neuropathic pain treatment and anxiety.
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